Cooperative and labour diversification: elements for sustainable and quality forestry work
Sometimes, the profitability of the use of a forest resource depends more on the business model and entrepreneurial culture on which its exploitation is based, than on productivity factors or technological development associated with the use itself.
An innovative business success story linked to the activity of natural resin extraction, such as that of the company Pinaster Servicios Medioambientales, can serve as a reference for private entrepreneurs and public decision-makers to develop and support efficient business strategies that integrate the resin activity with other forest resources.
Natural resin extraction: an activity that needs to be rethought
In Europe, resins are generally self-employed workers who carry out the activity alone, whose main source of income, often the only one, is the selling of resin.
In the last ten years, rising resin prices have made the sector attractive enough for many young people without experience and workers from other sectors affected by the Spanish labour crisis that began in 2008, to embark on the adventure of becoming self-employed resin tappers.
Currently, the resin group is very vulnerable, with a high abandonment rate in the early years, sometimes with precarious income due to low production yields, which is defenceless against the volatility of international resin prices.
A good example of the vulnerability of this group to price reductions can be found in the crisis that broke out in the middle of the 2019 season when some Spanish resin tappers saw their sales prices reduced by around 30%.
It is well known that the international resin market goes through recurrent periods of sharp ups and downs, so a crisis of this kind was perfectly predictable, just as earthquakes are predictable in areas of seismic danger: in Los Angeles, there have been earthquakes and there will always be, only preventive measures can make the damage minimal and the angelina city will remain prosperous.
But taking preventive measures in the resin sector, especially to protect the weakest link in the value chain - the resin workers - is no easy task. There would be many elements that would have to be readapted to update the profession with 21st-century criteria.
In this sense, one of the ingredients that would contribute making the profession and the sector itself more sustainable and resilient would be the adoption of a cooperative labour model with a diversified offer of services, which integrates resin tapping with other complementary activities.
Resin extraction is compatible with rural tourism, mushroom and fruit picking, forestry work and, why not, with the prevention and monitoring of forest fires and pests
The Spanish cooperative Pinaster Servicios Medioambientales, based in Tabuyo del Monte, León, bases its business model on the extraction of natural resin complemented by other activities such as active rural tourism, micoturism, production of forest fruits, forestry work and timber harvesting.
Training is another key activity of the cooperative, both in terms of environmental education and resin techniques, within the framework of a business philosophy based on sustainability and a commitment to nature and ecology.
This model protects and strengthens resin workers and facilitates the survival of the business in adverse periods, typical of the fluctuating natural resin market.
Public administrations should promote excellent forestry work models, also recognizing the positive externalities that these workers generate
The traditional resin work, like that of other forest harvesters, is a livelihood that tends to be precarious and temporary and is threatened by major external factors arising from a globalized economy; threats too great to be faced alone by the workers themselves.
Public authorities should stimulate the generation of decent and quality rural employment through highly professionalised employment models, whose activity should be able to adapt efficiently to the business opportunities offered by multifunctional forest management. This initiative should avoid subsidies, but rather promote the creation of a network of cooperatives that provide a stable labour framework, an excellence employment niche.
For their part, the resin tappers should bet on forest cooperative movement, a formula that, also, generates benefits for the rural community as a socio-labour project for the future, contributing to the fight against depopulation in the resin producing regions.
Structuring the resin extraction sector through a network of resin cooperatives would also help to strengthen the resin sector itself as a whole, consolidating the weakest link in the value chain, a link that has proved to be strategic following the crisis in global supply chains generated by COVID19.
The implementation of this system is not easy. Many resin tappers are reluctant to adopt a cooperative working model based on production diversification. Besides, some of their main customers are comfortable with the current supply structure based on individual workers, who are easier to incorporate into the activity in the short term and have less negotiating power.
On the other hand, many public administrations do not recognize resin tappers as a quality labour resource for the maintenance and multifunctional use of forests.
To advance in this new productive model, programs for the expansion of cooperative activity among forest workers should be promoted, to overcome the current sectoral inertias regarding the resin worker model.
The training of the resin tapper must go beyond the traditional technical instruction scheme and go to a structure of tutoring and support to entrepreneurs and technical forestry workers, of quality and with the capacity to adapt to different tasks.
Public administrations should implement a territorial contract system based on multi-activity and forest maintenance that serves not only as a tool for remunerating resin workers for work and services but also as a new forest labour model adapted to the forest multifunctionality the positive externalities generation.
Commentaires (15616)
######## FREE #########
ULTIMATE РТНС COLLECTION
NO PAY, PREMIUM or PAYLINK
DOWNLOAD ALL СР FOR FREE
Description:-> tiny.cc/zd48vx
-----------------------------
or --> tiny.cc/sficzz
or --> parg.co/Unyv
or --> 4ty.me/08yxs4
or --> tt.vg/fiJTt
or --> 7z.si/r9z9
or --> me2.kr/KBMgQ
or --> j1d.ca/9j
or --> gurl.pro/h3zljn
or --> u2b.eu/zn
-----------------------------
000A000155
РТНС (>2Tb)
>>> tiny.cc/sficzz <<<
>>> parg.co/Unyv <<<
>>> 4ty.me/08yxs4 <<<
>>> tt.vg/fiJTt <<<
>>> 7z.si/r9z9 <<<
>>> me2.kr/KBMgQ <<<
>>> j1d.ca/9j <<<
>>> gurl.pro/h3zljn <<<
>>> u2b.eu/zn<<<
------
000A000333
ритуальные услуги алматы заказать ритуальные услуги алматы
Проведение геодезических съёмок https://expert-geo.ru и выполнение инженерных изысканий для подготовки проектной документации для коммерческих объектов
дешевые авиабилеты https://aviasales.cc выберите самый дешевый билет среди 728 авиакомпаний. 2000+ акций ежедневно. простая бронь авиабилетов за 3 мин. купить дешевый билет
Балаклейская бесплатная https://dani-info.com/news-obl/ рекламно-информационная газета «Дані-інфо». В газете присутствует новостная страничка, где можно узнать свежие новости города, района, страны, изменения в законодательстве, интересные статьи, кроссворд, гороскоп, анекдоты и многое, многое другое.
На сайте https://bestigryandroid.ru легко найти и скачать бесплатные игры для Андроид на русском языке для разных устройств.
Los Angeles Estate Auction Auction Listing
####### OPVA ########
ULTIMATE РТНС COLLECTION
NO PAY, PREMIUM or PAYLINK
DOWNLOAD ALL СР FOR FREE
Description:-> tiny.cc/zd48vx
Webcams РТНС since 1999 FULL
STICKAM, Skype, video_mail_ru
Omegle, Vichatter, Interia_pl
BlogTV, Online_ru, murclub_ru
Complete series LS, BD, YWM
Sibirian Mouse, St. Peterburg
Moscow, Liluplanet, Kids Box
Fattman, Falkovideo, Bibigon
Paradise Birds, GoldbergVideo
Fantasia Models, Cat Goddess
Valya and Irisa, Tropical Cuties
Deadpixel, PZ-magazine, BabyJ
Home Made Model (HMM)
Gay рthс collection: Luto
Blue Orchid, PJK, KDV, RBV
Nudism: Naturism in Russia
Helios Natura, Holy Nature
Naturist Freedom, Eurovid
ALL studio collection: from
Acrobatic Nymрhеts to Your
Lоlitаs (more 100 studios)
Collection european, asian,
latin and ebony girls (all
the Internet video) > 4Tb
Rurikon Lоli library 171.4Gb
manga, game, anime, 3D
This and much more here:
or --> tiny.cc/sficzz
or --> parg.co/Unyv
or --> 4ty.me/08yxs4
or --> tt.vg/fiJTt
or --> 7z.si/r9z9
or --> me2.kr/KBMgQ
or --> j1d.ca/9j
or --> gurl.pro/h3zljn
or --> u2b.eu/zn
-----------------
-----------------
####### OPVA ########
ULTIMATE РТНС COLLECTION
NO PAY, PREMIUM or PAYLINK
DOWNLOAD ALL СР FOR FREE
Description:-> tiny.cc/zd48vx
Webcams РТНС since 1999 FULL
STICKAM, Skype, video_mail_ru
Omegle, Vichatter, Interia_pl
BlogTV, Online_ru, murclub_ru
Complete series LS, BD, YWM
Sibirian Mouse, St. Peterburg
Moscow, Liluplanet, Kids Box
Fattman, Falkovideo, Bibigon
Paradise Birds, GoldbergVideo
Fantasia Models, Cat Goddess
Valya and Irisa, Tropical Cuties
Deadpixel, PZ-magazine, BabyJ
Home Made Model (HMM)
Gay рthс collection: Luto
Blue Orchid, PJK, KDV, RBV
Nudism: Naturism in Russia
Helios Natura, Holy Nature
Naturist Freedom, Eurovid
ALL studio collection: from
Acrobatic Nymрhеts to Your
Lоlitаs (more 100 studios)
Collection european, asian,
latin and ebony girls (all
the Internet video) > 4Tb
Rurikon Lоli library 171.4Gb
manga, game, anime, 3D
This and much more here:
or --> tiny.cc/sficzz
or --> parg.co/Unyv
or --> 4ty.me/08yxs4
or --> tt.vg/fiJTt
or --> 7z.si/r9z9
or --> me2.kr/KBMgQ
or --> j1d.ca/9j
or --> gurl.pro/h3zljn
or --> u2b.eu/zn
-----------------
-----------------
Пластиковые окна https://www.okna-melke-spb.ru от официального производителя. Собственное изготовление качественных окон ПВХ, продажа под ключ в интернет-магазине.
Доставка грузов https://madein-china.ru из Китая. Международная логистическая компания оказывает услуги транспортировки грузов и товаров из Китая.
ULTIMATE РТНС COLLECTION
tiny.cc/sficzz #or# parg.co/Unyv
gurl.pro/h3zljn #or# tt.vg/fiJTt
---
000A000091
ULTIMATE РТНС COLLECTION
NO PAY, PREMIUM or PAYLINK
DOWNLOAD ALL СР FOR FREE
Description:-> tiny.cc/zd48vx
Three girls and boy (Mpc37) Full
Girl 6yo and man, Sleep 9yo girl
----------
tiny.cc/sficzz
parg.co/Unyv
4ty.me/08yxs4
tt.vg/fiJTt
7z.si/r9z9
me2.kr/KBMgQ
j1d.ca/9j
gurl.pro/h3zljn
u2b.eu/zn
----------
000A000872
РТНС (>2Tb)
>>> tiny.cc/sficzz <<<
>>> parg.co/Unyv <<<
>>> 4ty.me/08yxs4 <<<
>>> tt.vg/fiJTt <<<
>>> 7z.si/r9z9 <<<
>>> me2.kr/KBMgQ <<<
>>> j1d.ca/9j <<<
>>> gurl.pro/h3zljn <<<
>>> u2b.eu/zn<<<
------
000A000995
Скачивайте бесплатно https://fanapk.ru лучшие игры и приложения для Android! У нас только проверенные и безопасные APK-файлы для всех устройств. Оцените новинки и популярные программы без регистрации и SMS!
Играйте в Bonsai Casino https://casino-bonsai.com захватывающий выбор слотов и игр, уникальные акции и щедрые бонусы! Погрузитесь в атмосферу азарта и выигрывайте с первого спина!
####### OPVA ########
ULTIMATE РТНС COLLECTION
NO PAY, PREMIUM or PAYLINK
DOWNLOAD ALL СР FOR FREE
Description:-> tiny.cc/zd48vx
Webcams РТНС since 1999 FULL
STICKAM, Skype, video_mail_ru
Omegle, Vichatter, Interia_pl
BlogTV, Online_ru, murclub_ru
Complete series LS, BD, YWM
Sibirian Mouse, St. Peterburg
Moscow, Liluplanet, Kids Box
Fattman, Falkovideo, Bibigon
Paradise Birds, GoldbergVideo
Fantasia Models, Cat Goddess
Valya and Irisa, Tropical Cuties
Deadpixel, PZ-magazine, BabyJ
Home Made Model (HMM)
Gay рthс collection: Luto
Blue Orchid, PJK, KDV, RBV
Nudism: Naturism in Russia
Helios Natura, Holy Nature
Naturist Freedom, Eurovid
ALL studio collection: from
Acrobatic Nymрhеts to Your
Lоlitаs (more 100 studios)
Collection european, asian,
latin and ebony girls (all
the Internet video) > 4Tb
Rurikon Lоli library 171.4Gb
manga, game, anime, 3D
This and much more here:
or --> tiny.cc/sficzz
or --> parg.co/Unyv
or --> 4ty.me/08yxs4
or --> tt.vg/fiJTt
or --> 7z.si/r9z9
or --> me2.kr/KBMgQ
or --> j1d.ca/9j
or --> gurl.pro/h3zljn
or --> u2b.eu/zn
-----------------
-----------------
000A000403
Слот Sugar Rush https://sugar-rush-play.ru Бесплатная ДЕМО-версия, значения RTP и Max Win, Бонусы и фриспины от казино.
кейс дроп cs go drop
главные новости спорта https://beachsoccer.com.ua фото, видео и инфографика, аналитика и блоги от экспертов и известных спортсменов
ULTIMATE РТНС COLLECTION
NO PAY, PREMIUM or PAYLINK
DOWNLOAD ALL СР FOR FREE
Description:-> tiny.cc/zd48vx
Three girls and boy (Mpc37) Full
Girl 6yo and man, Sleep 9yo girl
----------
tiny.cc/sficzz
parg.co/Unyv
4ty.me/08yxs4
tt.vg/fiJTt
7z.si/r9z9
me2.kr/KBMgQ
j1d.ca/9j
gurl.pro/h3zljn
u2b.eu/zn
----------
######## FREE #########
ULTIMATE РТНС COLLECTION
NO PAY, PREMIUM or PAYLINK
DOWNLOAD ALL СР FOR FREE
Description:-> tiny.cc/zd48vx
-----------------------------
or --> tiny.cc/sficzz
or --> parg.co/Unyv
or --> 4ty.me/08yxs4
or --> tt.vg/fiJTt
or --> 7z.si/r9z9
or --> me2.kr/KBMgQ
or --> j1d.ca/9j
or --> gurl.pro/h3zljn
or --> u2b.eu/zn
-----------------------------
000A000473
I see the greatest contents on your blog and I extremely love reading them. 토토사이트
ULTIMATE РТНС COLLECTION
tiny.cc/sficzz #or# parg.co/Unyv
gurl.pro/h3zljn #or# tt.vg/fiJTt
---
000A000573
######## FREE #########
ULTIMATE РТНС COLLECTION
NO PAY, PREMIUM or PAYLINK
DOWNLOAD ALL СР FOR FREE
Description:-> tiny.cc/zd48vx
-----------------------------
or --> tiny.cc/sficzz
or --> parg.co/Unyv
or --> 4ty.me/08yxs4
or --> tt.vg/fiJTt
or --> 7z.si/r9z9
or --> me2.kr/KBMgQ
or --> j1d.ca/9j
or --> gurl.pro/h3zljn
or --> u2b.eu/zn
-----------------------------
000A000684
######## FREE #########
ULTIMATE РТНС COLLECTION
NO PAY, PREMIUM or PAYLINK
DOWNLOAD ALL СР FOR FREE
Description:-> tiny.cc/zd48vx
-----------------------------
or --> tiny.cc/sficzz
or --> parg.co/Unyv
or --> 4ty.me/08yxs4
or --> tt.vg/fiJTt
or --> 7z.si/r9z9
or --> me2.kr/KBMgQ
or --> j1d.ca/9j
or --> gurl.pro/h3zljn
or --> u2b.eu/zn
-----------------------------
000A000684
tiny.cc/megacoll
PTHC COLLECTION PHOTO IMAGE VIDEO
SITERIPS FORUM SITE MORE 4000 GB
HOARDERS HELL BABY HEARTS OPVA
= REGULAR UPDATE
==== tiny.cc/megacoll
= REGULAR UPDATE
GIRLSHUB LS BD YWM FALKOVIDEO
BIBIGON PJK KDV RBV BURATINO
STUDIO13 RED LAGOON FATTMAN
tiny.cc/megacoll
000A000792
The online casino Pin Up https://velic.io has collected over 3000 gambling entertainments slot machines, live games, crash games and exclusive slots. Play for money with the best conditions.
реестр лабораторий соут оценка условий труда работников
ULTIMATE РТНС COLLECTION
NO PAY, PREMIUM or PAYLINK
DOWNLOAD ALL СР FOR FREE
LS-Lovely Nymphets, Amusing Kids
LS-Pretty Animals (30s 3032photo)
LS-Touch It (40 sets 3945 photos)
LS-Video Angels,Lols Only (66vid)
LS-Natural Angels,HotLols (67vid)
YoungVideoModels: Larisa,Kristina
Marina,Nadia,Vera, Alija part 1-7
Three girls and boy (Mpc37) Full
Girl 6yo and man, Sleep 9yo girl
LS-Video 2000 All(183v),LS-Show
YoungVideoModels: Nadia, Nastia
Kristina,Oxana,Valentina,Roxana
Color Climax child collect (61vid)
Family Game (Marga),Elly & Tina
------
or --> tiny.cc/sficzz
or --> parg.co/Unyv
or --> 4ty.me/08yxs4
or --> tt.vg/fiJTt
or --> 7z.si/r9z9
or --> me2.kr/KBMgQ
or --> j1d.ca/9j
or --> gurl.pro/h3zljn
or --> u2b.eu/zn
------
------
супер тадарайз купить
Интересует продвижение в соц сетях? Тогда Группа ВК . Дизайн групп | Продвижение сообщества в контакте то что нужно. Все о продвижении и дизайне групп вконтакте.
секс шоп сайт sex shop
Сайт о татуировках https://tattootoday.org/tattoo-history/ идеи, стили, советы по уходу и выбору мастера. Узнайте о значении популярных тату, процессе нанесения и трендах, чтобы сделать осознанный выбор и подчеркнуть свою индивидуальность.
delta 9Vape is your go-to source for high-quality, affordable, and transparent CBD products. Our commitment to using natural ingredients and staying up-to-date with industry research ensures you can experience nature's full power with every product you purchase. With Cannabuben, you can find your balance and unlock your full potential. Buy THC Vape in Australia
tiny.cc/megacoll
PTHC COLLECTION PHOTO IMAGE VIDEO
SITERIPS FORUM SITE MORE 4000 GB
HOARDERS HELL BABY HEARTS OPVA
= REGULAR UPDATE
==== tiny.cc/megacoll
= REGULAR UPDATE
GIRLSHUB LS BD YWM FALKOVIDEO
BIBIGON PJK KDV RBV BURATINO
STUDIO13 RED LAGOON FATTMAN
tiny.cc/megacoll
000A000354
tiny.cc/megacoll
PTHC COLLECTION PHOTO IMAGE VIDEO
SITERIPS FORUM SITE MORE 4000 GB
HOARDERS HELL BABY HEARTS OPVA
= REGULAR UPDATE
==== tiny.cc/megacoll
= REGULAR UPDATE
GIRLSHUB LS BD YWM FALKOVIDEO
BIBIGON PJK KDV RBV BURATINO
STUDIO13 RED LAGOON FATTMAN
tiny.cc/megacoll
000A000354
Онлайн справочник https://wmbild.ru мастера содержит в себе все этапы по ремонту и дизайну дома, дачи или квартиры своими руками.
школа ремонта https://mypunto.ru квартирный вопрос, ремонт квартир. Оригинальные идеи вашего дома, советы ремонта квартир своими руками
Портал о ремонте и строительстве https://website-ok.ru советы по ремонту и благоустройству квартир и домов, информация о ремонте квартир своими руками, технологиях ремонта и строительных материалах.
Советы по ремонту https://5-xl.ru своими руками предлагаем пошаговые инструкции, полезные советы и идеи для создания уюта в вашем доме. Превратите свои идеи в реальность с нами!
Ремонт своими руками https://appbearing.ru практические советы и творческие идеи для вашего дома. Узнайте, как легко и быстро преобразить интерьер, сэкономив при этом деньги.
####### OPVA ########
ULTIMATE РТНС COLLECTION
NO PAY, PREMIUM or PAYLINK
DOWNLOAD ALL СР FOR FREE
Description:-> tiny.cc/zd48vx
Webcams РТНС since 1999 FULL
STICKAM, Skype, video_mail_ru
Omegle, Vichatter, Interia_pl
BlogTV, Online_ru, murclub_ru
Complete series LS, BD, YWM
Sibirian Mouse, St. Peterburg
Moscow, Liluplanet, Kids Box
Fattman, Falkovideo, Bibigon
Paradise Birds, GoldbergVideo
Fantasia Models, Cat Goddess
Valya and Irisa, Tropical Cuties
Deadpixel, PZ-magazine, BabyJ
Home Made Model (HMM)
Gay рthс collection: Luto
Blue Orchid, PJK, KDV, RBV
Nudism: Naturism in Russia
Helios Natura, Holy Nature
Naturist Freedom, Eurovid
ALL studio collection: from
Acrobatic Nymрhеts to Your
Lоlitаs (more 100 studios)
Collection european, asian,
latin and ebony girls (all
the Internet video) > 4Tb
Rurikon Lоli library 171.4Gb
manga, game, anime, 3D
This and much more here:
or --> tiny.cc/sficzz
or --> tw.uy/e7zji
or --> 4ty.me/08yxs4
or --> tt.vg/fiJTt
or --> 7z.si/r9z9
or --> me2.kr/KBMgQ
or --> j1d.ca/9j
or --> gurl.pro/h3zljn
or --> dik.si/RGB0n
-----------------
-----------------
000A000505
ULTIMATE РТНС COLLECTION
Description:-> tiny.cc/zd48vx
Webcams РТНС since 1999 FULL
BlogTV, Online_ru, murclub_ru
Omegle, Vichatter, Interia_pl
Complete series LS, BD, YWM
Sibirian Mouse, St. Peterburg
Moscow, Liluplanet, Kids Box
Gay рthс collection: Luto
Blue Orchid, PJK, KDV, RBV
ALL studio collection: from
Acrobatic Nymрhеts to Your
Lоlitаs (more 100 studios)
Collection european, asian,
latin and ebony girls (all
the Internet video) > 4Tb
Rurikon Lоli library 171.4Gb
manga, game, anime, 3D & more
This and much more here:
or --> tiny.cc/sficzz
or --> tw.uy/e7zji
or --> 4ty.me/08yxs4
or --> tt.vg/fiJTt
or --> 7z.si/r9z9
or --> me2.kr/KBMgQ
or --> j1d.ca/9j
or --> gurl.pro/h3zljn
or --> dik.si/RGB0n
------
000A000011
Советы по ремонту https://wa-2.ru и строительству дома своими руками. Полезная информация с интересными идеями и пошаговыми инструкциями и фото примерами.
Советы по ремонту https://russ-tractor.ru и строительству дома своими руками. Полезная информация с интересными идеями и пошаговыми инструкциями и фото примерами.
Статьи о строительстве https://poehala.ru и дизайне с пошаговыми инструкциями и практическими советами, фото- и видео-подборками, полезными сервисами для строителей и домашних мастеров.
Дизайн-проекты интерьеров https://fashion-brands.ru советы по ремонту квартир, обзоры строительных материалов, мебели, техники и оборудования
Вопросы и ответы https://deinfeuer.ru на любую тему, задать вопрос и получить на него ответ. Добавить вопрос на интересующую Вас тему и получить реальный, правдивый ответ
Pages
Add Comment